心脏直视手术患儿补体4基因多态性对体外循环中补体激活程度的影响

目的：研究补体4基因多态性与体外循环中补体系统激活程度和肺功能障碍之间的关系。方法：选择武汉市及周边地区在体外循环（CPB）下进行心脏直视手术的患儿156例,于术前抽血用交叉免疫电泳法进行补体4基因型分析。分别于CPB开始前,CPB结束时以及鱼精蛋白中和肝素后10min抽取动脉血样,以放免法对补体3和4活化产物C3a和C4a进行测定。同时记录肺顺应性。结果：补体4基因型AABB,AOBB,OOBB,AABO及AAOO出现频率分别为51．28%,17.95%,4.49%,19.87%及6．41％,CPB结束时C4a水平无明显升高,C3a水平显著升高。鱼精蛋白中和肝素后10min时C4a和C3a水平显著升高,以OOBB组升高最显著,其次为AOBB组;同时OOBB组肺顺应性下降最显著,其次为AOBB组,结论：体外循环由替代途径激活补体系统,鱼精蛋白－肝素复合物由经典途径激活补体系统,国人补体4基因型中,OOBB型出现的频率较白种人高,该基因型在体外循环中补体系统被激活及肺功能受损程度最严重。     

咪唑安定、异丙酚对体外循环期酸碱平衡的影响

目的 观察异丙酚和咪唑安定在体外循环麻醉中对术前和术中的酸碱度的影响.方法 40例先天性心脏病患者随机分为两组(异丙酚组、咪唑安定组),监测手术前、主动脉阻断10 min和复温至31℃时血气指标等的动态变化.结果与手术前比,主动脉阻断10 min和复温后,血液pH、PaCO2、HCO3-、BEB两组均有明显变化(P＜0.05),但两组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论异丙酚和咪唑安定在体外循环麻醉中其对酸碱度无明显的影响.     

检测先心病患儿EEG和BAEP的意义

目的　评价先心病儿心脏手术前后脑电图 (EEG)、脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)的变化。方法　对 30例先心病儿童术前EEG、BAEP的变化和 2 0例接受不停跳体外循环心内直视手术患儿手术前后EEG、BAEP的动态变化进行对比观察 ,并设 30名健康儿童为对照。结果　 ( 1)术前 :①EEG :发绀组 (CCHD)异常率为 80 % ( 8/ 10 ) ,非发绀组 (NCCHD)异常率为 30 % ( 6 / 2 0 ) ,有显著性差异(P <0 .0 5 )。②BAEP :CCHD组异常率为 10 0 % ( 10 / 10 ) ,NCCHD异常率为 6 5 % ( 13/ 2 0 ) ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Ⅴ波潜伏期 (PL)、Ⅲ～Ⅴ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波峰间潜伏期 (IPL)先心病患儿与对照组比较 ,CCHD组显著延长 (P <0 .0 5 )。③EEG与BAEP :EEG异常者BAEP均异常 ( 10 0 % ) ,EEG正常者BAEP有 5 6 .3 %异常。 ( 2 )手术前后比较 ,EEG和BAEP异常率有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　①先心病患儿伴有脑功能异常 ,CCHD较NCCHD为重。②EEG与BAEP均可反映脑功能异常改变但非同步。③术后短期内EEG、BAEP无好转 ,提示脑功能恢复可能需要较长时间。     

急性脑梗塞超早期脑循环动力学改变与CT对比研究

应用脑循环动力学检测仪(CVA)探测脑梗塞超早期血液动力学改变,与CT比较,探讨CVA对脑梗塞超早期诊断价值。方法对128例超早期和急性期脑梗塞患者同时进行CVA和CT检查,比较两者间及与对照组检测指标的差异和相关性。结果①CVA与CT检测结果有一致性(P     

Effects of prostaglandins and leukotrienes on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats

Alveolar hypoxia can induce pulmonary vaso-constriction,but the mechanism of hypoxic pul-monary vasoconstriction remains unknown. It mightrelate to arachidonic acid released from endotheliumor to the vasoactive substances released from othercells in lung tissue during hypoxia.Furthermore,theextra- pulmonary reflex and the directive effectof hy-poxia on pulmonary vascular smooth muscles mightalso be involved.In this study,we conducted in vivorats experiment and employed in vitro perfused lungex…     

单肺通气时肺内分流与PETCO2的相关性研究

目的：研究单肺通气时PETCO2和Qs/Qt之间的关系。方法：选择28例择期开胸手术的患者分别于TLV 20min、OLV 5min、15min、30min、60min测动脉血和混合静脉血气并同时记录PETCO2,计算Qs/Qt,进行统计学处理。结果：OLV时不同时段PETCO2、PaCO2、Qs/Qt比TLV时增大(P＜0.05),TLV时PETCO2与Qs/Qt不相关(r=-0.0230,P=0.9077)。OLV时PETCO2与Qs/Qt相关(r=0.4739,P=0.00001),其直线回归方程为y=3.4862+0.0147x(y=PETCO2,x=Qs/Qt)。结论：OLV时PETCO2与Qs/Qt呈直线相关,PETCO2随Qs/Qt增加而增大。     

冠脉循环中血小板活化状态对冠心病致病作用的研究

目的：探讨冠脉循环中血小板活化状态在冠心病（ＣＨＤ）发病学中的意义。方法：用放免等方法对受试冠状静脉窦（ＣＳ）及升主动脉（ＡＯ）血行血小板膜表面α－颗粒膜蛋白（α－ＧＭＰ－１４０）和循环内皮细胞（ＣＥＣ）等测定。结果：ＣＨＤ患冠脉循环中α－ＧＭＰ－１４０含量和ＣＥＣ浓度均明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,以急心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）组为明显,冠脉狭窄愈严重,二升高愈明显,病灶多发比单发升高明显。结论：ＣＨＤ患冠脉循环中血小板高度激活,在ＣＨＤ的发生发展中有一定的意义。     

重度法乐氏四联症的外科治疗

目的 探讨重度法乐氏四联症根治手术的方法和效果。方法 全麻下建立体外循环,主动脉根部灌入冷停跳液,心包腔内放置冰屑保护心肌,降温至２０￣２６℃,经右心房、肺动脉切口修补室间隔缺损和疏通右心室流出道,以自行研究设计的可耐受最小肺动脉瓣环直径的标准,取自体心包片加宽成形右心室流出道。单纯肺动脉切开加宽成形１例,跨环补片成形１７例。结果 除４例手术引流偏多和２例出现低心输出量综合征外,无重大并发症发生,     

Adrenergic,purinergic, and endothelial mediators and modulators of norepinephrine-induced mesenteric autoregulatory escape

We evaluated the effects of potential factors in autoregulatory escape from norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in rat anterior mesenteric artery. We determined mesenteric artery blood flow velocity with a pulsed Doppler, sonic flowmeter, and systemic arterial blood pressure with a transducer. A 4-min norepinephrine infusion (0.125–1.0 × 10^–8 M/min) intravenously evoked a dose-dependent, initial vasoconstriction that was followed by rapid escape of blood flow toward or above the control value during sustained norepinephrine administration. Neonatal capsaicin treatment enhanced vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine but failed to affect escape parameters. Propranolol decreased norepinephrine-induced escape dose dependently. Adenosine deaminase attenuated escape, and the combination of this enzyme plus propranolol nearly abolished escape from norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction. Methylene blue also diminished autoregulatory escape. These findings suggest that norepinephrine-induced autoregulatory escape involves simultaneous -adrenoceptor, purinergic, and endothelial mediation. Norepinephrine-evoked mesenteric vasoconstriction appears to involve predominantly ₂-adrenoceptors and is modulated by peptidergic sensory nerves and adenosine.NIH grant number supporting these studies: USPHS # DK37050.     

Myocardial infarction in an adult resulting from coronary ancurysms previously documented in childhood after an acute episode of Kawasaki's disease

Coronary aneurysms resulting from a previous episode of Kawasaki'sdisease are considered an important cause of myocardial infarctionin children. A case of a 19-year-old man presenting with anacute myocardial infarction associated with coronary aneurysmsis described. These coronary lesions were previously evaluatedangiographically and echocardiographically at the age of 13years, 5 months after the acute episode of a Kawasaki's disease.